The state of the unions: United States and Canada

Abstract

<p>This study demonstrates that the Canadian labor movement has outperformed its U.S. counterpart in terms of union growth, union density and certification outcomes. Labor and product market factors do not appear to be major contributing factors. Public policy and increased employer resistance have played a critical role, particularly in the decline in unionization in the U.S. Union related variables - militancy, structure and the desire and ability to organize - are also important in explaining the divergent union trends in the two countries.</p>