The Pumping of Bentonite Clays

Abstract

<p>This study describes the results of experiments on the pumping of non-Newtonian bentonite clay slurries. The data were obtained from smooth tubes having internal diameters of 0.60 cm, 1.27 cm and 1.74 cm, for aqueous suspension concentrations of 1.96, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 8.0% by weight. The flow Reynolds numbers varied to a maximum of about 6000. Shear stress-shear rate curves were obtained as well as apparent viscosity and generalized Bingham plastic plots. Specific power was plotted against Reynolds number for all concentrations. It was found in general that the data of the shear curve agreed quite well with that from other sources but that there were discrepancies for the Bingham plastic equation. The fact that Newtonian friction factor curves for flow in smooth pipe can be used in conjunction with bentonite slurries in an equilibrium state was also demonstrated.</p>