Speaking for the Nation: Representation through Indigenous and Minority Language Recognition in Taiwan, New Zealand and Southeast Asia

Abstract

This “sandwich” dissertation argues that Indigenous and minority language recognition offers a novel way to examine how political representation unfolds in practice. I trace how group claims are articulated and institutionalized by diverse actors working within multiple settings, and how the outcomes of representational work shape perceptions of inclusion and legitimacy. The first chapter finds that Taiwan’s Council of Indigenous Peoples drives Indigenous language policy, demonstrating how representation occurs through executive rather than legislative institutions. The second chapter finds that Māori leaders and policy actors in New Zealand advanced and articulated Māori language priorities across multiple institutions. The third chapter analyzes survey data from Southeast Asia and finds that official language recognition is associated with higher perceptions of democracy and feelings of national pride among minority speakers. Together, the chapters demonstrate that language recognition is negotiated across multiple actors and sites, and can enhance legitimacy and belonging for minority communities.