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http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9367
Title: | Diversity in the regulation of metabolic fuel use in mice selected for high locomotor activity |
Authors: | Templeman, Nicole M. |
Advisor: | McClelland, Grant |
Department: | Biology |
Keywords: | Biology;Biology |
Publication Date: | Dec-2010 |
Abstract: | <p>Despite diversity in locomotion, the mammalian pattern of metabolic fuel use appears highly conserved, and in most circumstances relative exercise intensity dictates the proportionate contribution of carbohydrates and lipids to energy supply. However, the mechanistic explanations for unity of fuel use patterns are not known. The aim of my study was to determine if fuel use during exercise could be adaptively altered or differentially regulated in animals selected for high activity.</p> <p>To thi s end, I used a model of experimental evolution in which mice are selectively bred for high locomotion. Within this model, there are two distinct phenotypes of high running (HR) mice: HR<sub>mini</sub> mice, characterized by half-sized hindlimb muscles with increased mass-specific aerobic capacity, and HR<sub>normal</sub> mice, with a normal muscle phenotype. I evaluated aerobic capacity (VO<sub>2max</sub>), fuel use during exercise, cardiac properties, and physiological factors involved in regulating fuel use, in one line each of: 1) non-selected control mice, 2) HR<sub>mini</sub> mice, and 3) HR<sub>normal</sub> mice.</p> <p>HR mice exhibited an increased VO<sub>2max</sub> compared to controls; moreover, HR<sub>mini</sub> mice had a greater VO<sub>2max</sub> than HR<sub>normal</sub> mice. Metabolic and physical cardiac changes may have contributed to these VO<sub>2max</sub> differences. However, HR<sub>mini</sub>, HR<sub>normal</sub>, and control mice did not differ in the mixture of fuels supplying energy demand, when exercise intensity was scaled to VO<sub>2max</sub>. HR mice achieved enhanced absolute fuel oxidation rates via different means. HR<sub>mini</sub> mice had increased cytosolic fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP), fatty acid transporter (FAT/CD36) mRNA, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α mRNA, and activities of aerobic enzymes in skeletal muscle, as well as a different muscle recruitment pattern. Conversely, HR<sub>normal</sub> mice had enhanced whole-muscle enzyme activities. Therefore, there are multiple mechanisms to enhance fuel oxidation rates with an elevated VO<sub>2max</sub>, and diverse mammals can differentially utilize these mechanisms without deviating from a conserved pattern of fuel use.</p> |
URI: | http://hdl.handle.net/11375/9367 |
Identifier: | opendissertations/4498 5516 2045327 |
Appears in Collections: | Open Access Dissertations and Theses |
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fulltext.pdf | 30.28 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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