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http://hdl.handle.net/11375/21962
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DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.advisor | Phillips, Stuart | - |
dc.contributor.author | Bell, Kirsten | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2017-10-03T18:16:15Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2017-10-03T18:16:15Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2017-11 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/11375/21962 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Resistance exercise training (RET) and protein supplementation are potent nonpharmacological countermeasures against sarcopenic muscle and strength loss, however other exercise modalities and isolated nutritional supplements are effective in combating additional deleterious age-related changes, such as reduced cardiometabolic health. Accordingly, in Study 1 we assessed the 48-hour integrated muscle protein synthesis (MPS) response to a single session of RE, aerobic exercise, or high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in a group of healthy older men using the novel heavy water method. The results of Study 1 indicated that both RE and HIIE were capable of significantly elevating myofibrillar MPS above resting rates, with the most substantial effect observed following RE. In Studies 2 and 3 we evaluated whether daily consumption of a nutritional supplement which comprised whey protein, creatine, vitamin D/calcium, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids could: augment strength, physical function, and lean tissue mass (Study 2), and also improve glycemic control, lipidemia, and systemic inflammation (Study 3) in healthy older men following 6 weeks of supplementation in the absence of exercise; and enhance exercise training-induced improvements in the same outcomes following a 12-week RET + HIIT program. Six weeks of multi-ingredient nutritional supplementation stimulated gains in strength (~6%) and lean mass (~1%), roughly equivalent to one year's worth of age-related decline, as well as reduced circulating concentrations of lipids and inflammatory markers. Twelve weeks of combined RET + HIIT simultaneously improved strength, aerobic fitness, and glucose handling in the same group of older men. Further improvements in systemic inflammation and glucose handling were observed when multi-ingredient nutritional supplementation was combined with exercise training. Collectively, these studies demonstrate that multiple exercise modalities and nutritional supplements can be employed concurrently to alleviate various aspects age-related physiological decline. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.subject | nutrition | en_US |
dc.subject | aging | en_US |
dc.subject | muscle | en_US |
dc.subject | isotopes | en_US |
dc.subject | exercise | en_US |
dc.subject | protein | en_US |
dc.subject | creatine | en_US |
dc.subject | vitamin D | en_US |
dc.subject | calcium | en_US |
dc.subject | fish oil | en_US |
dc.title | Multi-Factorial Exercise and Nutrition Strategies to Improve Strength and Other Measures of Muscle Function and Health in Older Adults | en_US |
dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
dc.contributor.department | Kinesiology | en_US |
dc.description.degreetype | Thesis | en_US |
dc.description.degree | Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) | en_US |
dc.description.layabstract | Aging is associated with a variety of deleterious physiological changes including loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, reduced aerobic fitness, dyslipidemia, impaired glycemic control, and increased systemic inflammation. Broadly, this thesis explores how multiple exercise modalities and nutritional supplements can be used in combination to simultaneously alleviate several of these negative aspects of aging. This series of studies demonstrates that, in older men, consumption of a multi-ingredient nutritional supplement containing whey protein, creatine, vitamin D, calcium, and fish oil: A) stimulates significant improvements in lean mass, strength, plasma lipids, and systemic inflammation over a relatively short period of time (6 weeks) in the absence of exercise training; and B) enhances exercise training-induced gains in strength and glycemic control, as well as reductions in systemic inflammation. The findings of this thesis challenge the relatively common practice of targeting individual facets of aging with singular exercise or nutrition interventions. | en_US |
Appears in Collections: | Open Access Dissertations and Theses |
Files in This Item:
File | Description | Size | Format | |
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Bell_Kirsten_E_FinalSubmission_201706_PhD.pdf | 3.29 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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